Introduction to Turbomachinery
Turbomachinery, in mechanical engineering, are those machines that transfer energy between a rotor and a liquid, including the two turbines and blowers. While a turbine moves energy from a liquid to a rotor, a blower moves energy from a rotor to a liquid.
These two sorts of machines are administered by similar fundamental connections including Newton’s second Law of Motion and Euler’s siphon and turbine condition for compressible liquids. Radial siphons are additionally turbomachines that exchange energy from a rotor to a liquid, normally a fluid, while turbines and blowers ordinarily work with a gas.
- A turbomachine is essentially a pivoting machine
- The pivoting wheel is known as a rotor/sprinter/impeller
- The rotor will be submerged in a liquid continuum
- The liquid medium can be gas/steam/water/air
- Energy move happens by the same token.
- A turbomachine converts rotor to liquid, or From liquid to rotor
Turbomachine – Definition
Any machine that concentrates energy from or gives energy to a persistently moving stream of liquid can be known as a turbomachine.
Expounding, a turbomachine is a force or head creating machine which utilizes the unique activity of a pivoting component, the rotor; the activity of the rotor changes the energy level of the ceaselessly streaming liquid through the machine.
Turbines, blowers and fans are on the whole individuals from this group of machines.
Rather than positive relocation machines (especially of the responding type which are low speed machines dependent on the mechanical and volumetric productivity contemplations), most of turbomachines run at relatively higher paces with no mechanical issues and volumetric effectiveness near 100%.
- A turbomachine is a machine where mechanical energy in the structure mechanical energy as shaft work, is moved either to or from a ceaselessly streaming liquid by the powerful activity of pivoting sharp edge lines.
- The association between the liquid and the turbomachine edges likewise brings about liquid powerful lift.
A turbomachine produces change in enthalpy of the liquid going through it.
Classification of Turbomachines
Turbomachines may also be classified as:
- Turbines, compressors, pumps, fans , blowers
- Incompressible or compressible
- Axial-flow, mixed-flow or radial-flow geometry
- Single stage or multi Single stage or multi -stage
- Turbo-pump, turbo-compressor or torque-converter
- Impulse, reaction or impulse-reaction
Power Absorbing Turbomachines
Fans – air is the working medium
- axial flow
- radial flow (centrifugal)
Blowers – air is the working medium
- axial flow
- radial flow (centrifugal)
Propellers and Ducted Fans – air is the working medium
Compressors – air is the working medium
- reciprocating
- rotary
- axial flow
- radial flow (centrifugal)
- mixed flow
Pumps – water is the working medium
- reciprocating
- rotary
- axial flow
- radial flow (centrifugal)
- mixed flow
Power Producing Turbomachines
Gas turbines – air and combustion gas is the working medium
- axial flow
- radial flow radial flow
Steam turbine – steam is the working medium
- impulse turbine
- reaction turbine
Hydraulic turbines – water is the working medium
- impulse turbine
- reaction turbine
- mixed flow
- axial flow
Wind turbines – air / wind is the working medium
- vertical axis
- horizontal axis.
Applications of Turbomachines in Generating Power
Hydro electric– Hydro-electric turbomachinery utilizes potential energy put away in water to stream over an open impeller to turn a generator which makes power.
Steam turbines-Steam turbines utilized in power age come in various varieties. The general guideline is high pressing factor steam is constrained over edges appended to a shaft, which turns a generator. As the steam goes through the turbine, it goes through more modest sharp edges making the shaft turn quicker, making greater power.
Gas turbines-Gas turbines work similar as steam turbines. Air is constrained in through a progression of edges that turn a shaft. At that point fuel is blended in with the air and causes an ignition response, expanding the force. This at that point makes the shaft turn quicker, making greater power.
Windmills– Also known as a wind turbine, windmills are expanding in prevalence for their capacity to proficiently utilize the breeze to create power. In spite of the fact that they come in numerous shapes and sizes, the most widely recognized one is the enormous three-cutting edge.
The edges work on a similar rule as a plane wing. As wind ignores the edges, it makes a space of low and high pressing factor, making the cutting edge move, turning a shaft and making power. It is most similar to a steam turbine, however works with a limitless stockpile of wind.
